How a Tree Gets Its Scientific Name

Tree species and their names are a product of a two-part plant naming system that was introduced and promoted by Carolus Linnaeus in 1753. Linnaeus grand achievement was the development of what is now called binomial nomenclature - a formal system of naming species of living things, including trees, by giving each tree a name composed of two parts called the genus and the species. These names are based on never-to-change Latin words. So Latin terms, when broken into their respective tree genus and species, are called a trees scientific name. When using that special name, a tree can be identified by botanists and foresters around the world and in any language. The problem before the use of this taxonomic Linnaean tree classification system was the confusion surrounding the use, or misuse, of common names. Using common tree names as the only tree descriptor still presents problems today as common names differ greatly from location to location. Common names of trees are not as commonly used as you might think when traveling through the trees natural range. Lets look at the sweetgum tree as an example. Sweetgum is very common throughout the eastern United States as both a wild, native tree and also a tree planted in the landscape. Sweetgum can have only one scientific name, Liquidambar styraciflua, but has several common names including redgum, sapgum, starleaf-gum, gum maple, alligator-wood, and bilsted. A Tree and Its Species Classification What does species of tree mean? A tree species is an individual kind of tree that shares common parts on the lowest taxonomic level. Trees of the same species have the same characteristics of bark, leaf, flower, and seed and present the same general appearance. The word species is both singular and plural. There are nearly 1,200 tree species that grow naturally in the United States. Each tree species tends to grow together in what foresters call tree ranges and timber types, which are confined to geographic areas with similar climatic and soil conditions. Many more have been introduced from outside North America and are considered to be naturalized exotics. These trees do very well when grown in similar conditions they were native to. It is interesting that tree species in the United States far exceeds the native species of Europe. A Tree and Its Genus Classification What does genus of tree mean? Genus refers to the lowest classification of a tree before determining the related species. Trees of the genus have the same basic flower structure and may resemble other genus members in outward appearance. Tree members within a genus can still vary significantly in leaf shape, style of fruit, the color of bark and tree form. The plural of genus is genera. Unlike common tree names where the species is often named first; for example, red oak, blue spruce, and silver maple - the scientific genus name is always named first; for example, Quercus rubra, Picea pungens, and Acer saccharinum. The Hawthorn tree, genus Crataegus, leads the tree genera with the longest list of species - 165. Crataegus is also the most complicated tree to identify down to the species level. The oak tree or genus Quercus is the most common forest tree with the greatest number of species. Oaks have some 60 related species and are native to nearly every state or province in North America. North Americas Species-Rich Eastern Forest Eastern North America and most particularly the southern Appalachian Mountains claim the title of having the most native tree species of any area of North America. Seems like this area was a natural sanctuary ​where conditions allowed trees to survive and multiply after the Ice Age. Interestingly, Florida and California can brag about their total number of tree species which were, and are, transported into these states from all over the world. One may cringe when someone asks them to identify a tree from these two states. They know immediately that it will be a word search of a bountiful tropic tree list. These exotic immigrants are not only an identification problem but also an invasive problem with future negative habitat change.

HIS K 7 Essay - 975 Words

Part 1 Points Possible: 80 Of the following three questions, answer two of your choice. 1. As an editor for a newspaper favorable to Thomas Jefferson, you have been asked to write an article explaining what is wrong with Alexander Hamiltons 1789 economic program. What would you say? Because you are a good reporter, you have thoroughly researched the matter. Your answer must deal with all of the major aspects of Hamiltons proposals on the National Bank (Links to an external site.), National Debt (Links to an external site.), and Manufactures (Links to an external site.). As a partisan of Jefferson, you are also well versed in his views on the same subjects because you have read Jeffersons opinion on the National Debt (Links to an†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The central bank is an institution of the most deadly hostility existing against the Principles and form of our Constitution. I am an Enemy to all banks discounting bills or notes for anything but Coin. If the American People allow private banks to control the issuance of their currency, first by inflation an d then by deflation, the banks and corporations that will grow up around them will deprive the People of all their Property until their Children will wake up homeless on the continent their Fathers conquered. † (3) Jefferson knows that a national bank that printed its own money backed by coin is the only answer. 2. Your answers to the following questions must show a knowledge of the text and reflect your thoughts about the issues involved. Each question should take at least a paragraph to answer. a. Why was John Adams a failure as president? - Alien and Sedition Acts 2. Indecisiveness over support for the French Revolution 3. Kept old cabinet which was heavily influenced by Hamilton 4. Indecisiveness over support for early part of Napoleonic War (France Britain) 5. XYZ Affair 6. Deeply split own party due to indecisiveness b. What policies did he try to pursue, and what mistakes did he make as chief executive? - The Alien andShow MoreRelatedEncrypted Chat I am generally interested computer science and600 Words   |  3 PagesMessage is converted to random numbers, symbols and letters 3. It is sent to server ïÆ'Ÿ This is simple demonstration of client server relation. So during first example if we send â€Å"Hi how are you† this text will be send to server as it is and client will receive the message you sent. During Second example when you type â€Å"Hi how are you† it will be first encrypted on your computer and something like this will be sent to server â€Å"VlHTRKpo87NGwQWOjbUUA3SlWqU1t/QkKzihAREzxUCWEfgY96K3Hw==† And then clientRead MoreEssay about Kokoro Natsume Soseki Summary1651 Words   |  7 Pageswatches Sensei’s movement with the foreigner. 3. Sensei drops his sunglasses. Stalks Sensei out to sea. Beginning of friendship. 4. 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Pennsylvania Greensburg Bypass/ Beaver Valley Turnpike Mon-Fayette Expressway Expressway 7 10 1 14 1 12 32 1 1 19 0 9 10 11 1 11 1 11 [pic] [pic] Fcritical = 3,68232 Pvalue = 0,02117 [pic] SSB = 458,11 SST =1140,4 SSW = 682,29 k = 3 nT = 18 [pic] [pic] [pic] D1 = k – 1 = 2 D2 = nT – k = 15 ÃŽ ± = 0,05 FÃŽ ± = 3,682 Fcritical = INVERSE.LOI.F(0,05;2;15) in the table 6 [pic] |[pic] Read MoreEssay about Recurring Decimals1393 Words   |  6 Pageswhat about recurring decimals? In fact the ancient Greeks were one of the first to deal with recurring decimals. The Greek mathematician Zeno had a paradox in which the answer was a finite number that was a sum of an infinite sequence. The answer to his problem was a recurring decimal, and it definitely would not be the last time recurring decimals played a role in mathematics. Famous mathematicians such as Euler, Gauss, and Fermat all have contributed their own discoveries about the nature of theseRead MorePerformance Analysis Of Clustering Algorithms For Detecting Outliers1127 Words   |  5 Pagesthe analysis of Kmeans and K-Medians clustering algorithm in detecting outliers. Clustering is generally used in pattern recognition where if a user wants to search for some particular pattern, clustering reduces the searching load. The k-means clustering and kmedians clustering algorithm’s performance in d etecting outliers are analysed here. K-means clustering clusters the similar data with the help of the mean value and squared error criterion. Kmedians is similar to k-means algorithm but medianRead MoreAnalysis Of The Second Coming By W. B. Yeats1190 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Butler Yeats was a great Irish poet of the twentieth century. During his lifespan World War I occurred, along with its resulting political upheaval. He also lived in the century before the change of the millennium, a theme touched upon in his poems. He, like many other authors, incorporated the events that occurred during his life into his work. This important factor of the time period is clearly reflected in his work, â€Å"The Second Coming.† The critical consensus regarding the poem â€Å"The SecondRead More Mind Muscle Vs. Mind Mush1680 Words   |  7 Pagesabstract thinking and uninterested in any fact outside the circle of their immediate experience. Their behavior is determined, not by know ledge and reason, but by feelings and unconscious drives. (Huxley, 1958, p.3) If Hitler looked at mankind today with his opinion be the same? Would he succeed at moving the masses to the deplorable deeds as he once succeeded in doing? 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Medical Practitioner Workforce Shortages in Rural Australia

Question: Discuss about the Medical Practitioner Workforce Shortages in Rural Australia. Answer: Introduction: There is a shortage of medical practitioners in the rural areas of Australia since many of them prefer to remain in the urban areas. According to Australian institute of health and welfare report, rural doctors represent just sixteen percent of Australias forty-nine thousand strong medical workforces (Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Group Training Australia, National Skills Shortages Strategy, 2010). Background and Discussion Many medical professionals prefer to work in cities instead of the rural areas, therefore, leaving very few to work in the rural areas. In fact, most of the medical professionals who work in the rural areas currently in Australia are over the age of fifty years. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹The reason that is causing this problem to be elevated now is primarily because of the increasing burden of disease in the Australian population. Maningrida, Gunbalanya and Gapuwiyak are some of the major towns that are experiencing a shortage of medical practitioners (Short, McDonald, 2012). Every year, the figure of medical consumers has been swelling while the number of the medical professionals in the rural areas has not been increasing at the same pace (Eddington, Toner, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2012). The shortage of medical professionals in the rural areas has had a very negative effect. First, the people living in the rural areas are not able to access health care services on time as they should since the numbers of medical professionals are not enough to handle the big number of patient who report to the health care institutions every single day. Secondly, more people are dying in remote areas due as a result of having to wait for a long period before they can access health services. The council of Australian governments reform council that focuses on health care reveals that the health of Australians is improving in many areas although there is still a huge gap based on where an individual lives (Mcgrail, Humphreys, Joyce, Scott, Kalb, 2011). The shortage of workforce in the medical field is also affecting the nurses. Nurses are usually the people who deal with clients as such, due to inadequate staffing in the rural areas; the health care workers fail to administer proper care to patients as much as they would wish. According to the consumer protection act, the patients have the right to demand the best quality of service. As such, the increase of workload for nurses sometimes results in mental stress for the staff and if not checked it can progress to become mental dysfunction (McNeil, Mitchell, Parker, 2015). When there are shortages of medical staff, ordinary people suffer therefore making it very difficult to achieve the local administration to meet certain targets like access to health care for all. The national government is forced to rely on international medical graduates to fulfill the medical needs of the communities in the rural areas. Shortage of the medical workforce also makes it difficult to meet the targets set by international bodies, for example, the world health organization (Scott, Larson, Jefferies, Veenendaal, 2014). Those who argue in support of the existence of medical practitioner workforce shortages in rural areas cite several studies that have been done to support this claim. One of the many researches that are used to argue in support of the issue is the health care report done by the council of Australian governments reform council that points out that the rate of potentially preventable hospital admissions due to chronic illnesses in rural areas was almost 2.5 times that of big cities. The research also points out that one in three people living outside the cities of Australia reported longer than acceptable waiting times to see a general practitioner (Short, McDonald, 2012). Those who argue against the medical practitioner workforce shortages in rural areas of Australia point out that there is no shortage of medical practitioners but rather the big problems that exist are the issues of geographical mal-distribution. They prefer to concentrate on certain regions of the country while neglecting others (Negin, Joel, Rozea, Aneuryn, Cloyd, Ben, Martiniuk, 2013). The government has taken several measures to try and arrest this problem. One of the strategies implemented by the government of Australia is the introduction of policies that are favorable and aimed at encouraging international medical graduates to come to Australia to live and work. Although the international medical graduates make up a significant of Australias medical workforce especially in rural and remote areas of the country, they have not been able to meet the demands needed to ensure that there is no shortage (Hudson, Weston Elizabeth, 2011). The world health organization advocates for individual countries to try as much as possible to meet their health human resource needs and this directive limits the use of international medical graduates. Research estimates that international medical graduates currently comprise of roughly thirty-nine percent of the medical workforce in Australia and forty-six percent of general practitioners in the rural area. Australia is an economically developed country it should not rely on international medical graduates to meet its medical practitioner workforce shortages in rural areas (Kamien Buttfield, 2012). If the medical practitioner workforce shortage in the rural areas is ignored, then most people world die as a result of diseases that could have easily been prevented since the longer it takes to access the doctor the higher the chances of an illness progressing which may lead to death. Furthermore, the nurses would also suffer from stress as a result of the increase in workload. Finally, the standard of health care would significantly decrease since a shortage of medical practitioner workforce translates to more patients being served by one medical professional (Rogers, 2013). Recommendations To attract junior doctors to the local rural hospital, I would recommend to the management to consider giving them incentives. The incentive can be in terms of payments given to the medical practitioner in the rural community. The range of money can be dictated by the length of time spent in the rural practice as well as the remoteness of the hospital location. The company should also consider giving grants as a form of incentive to encourage junior doctors to move to the local hospital. The grant is very crucial since it will assist in the relocation process without having to incur many financial losses (Hurley, Catherine, Baum, Fran, Johns, Labonte, 2012). I would recommend that the doctors be given flexible working hours. Resting is crucial for medical professionals since when they are overworked, stress becomes a factor and hence the level of health care delivery to patients goes down. Flexible working hours also ensures that medical professionals have time for professional development (Harris Short, 2014). Doctors are known to work all day dealing with emergencies, if they can find an institution where they are working flexible hours chances are that they will join the institution even if it is in the rural areas (Scott, Larson, Jefferies, Veenendaal, 2014). The rural company should also consider employing international medical graduates who are ready to work and live in Australia. The government has laid out policies that are very favorable to international graduates who work in the rural areas for example the ten years restricted access to a Medicare provider number that specifically applies to international medical graduates in Australia is reduced by up to five years for those international medical graduates who choose to work the rural areas of Australia (Hume Johnston, 2016). I would also recommend to the hospital management to consider doing workshops and visiting different medical schools to try and market benefits that come with working in the rural areas. This will ensure that students make decisions as early as possible to join institutions in the rural areas that sensitive to the needs of the medical students (Onnis Pryce, 2016). As far as financial implications are concerned, the company will not incur any financial costs since there are the government is working closely with health institutions and boosting their efforts by offering to assist in payment of various incentives like the providing grants and assisting in paying off loans incurred by the medical professionals while they were in medical school (Eley, Young, Louise, Shrapnel, Marilyn, Wilkinson, David, Baker, Peter, Hegney, 2011). As far as political implications are concerned, when these strategies are implemented effectively then the high shortage rate will start to reduce. Since most of the strategies rely mostly on government support, if they show signs of success then politicians will advocate for more funds to be pumped into these programs so that the success rate can increase (Scott, Larson, Jefferies, Veenendaal, 2014). If the recommendations are implemented the patients particularly those in the rural areas will benefit the most since they will have access to better health care within short periods of time unlike before they had to wait for hours before seeing a doctor (Kamien Buttfield, 2012). Implementation The solutions will be implemented by engaging with government official so that they can assist in funding the doctor. The implementation will be done by the management of the hospital in consultation with heads of relevant government department (Onnis Pryce, 2016). Communication The information need to reach international medical graduates who live in Australia and government departments especially the health department. The recommendation will be communicated through face to face meeting as a through email (Rogers, 2013). References Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry., Group Training Australia., National Skills Shortages Strategy (Australia). (2010).Group training: New ways to meet skill and labour shortages. Canberra: Dept. of Education, Science and Training. Eddington, N., Toner, P., Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2012).Skills Formation Strategies in Queensland: A Skills Shortage?. Paris: OECD Publishing. Eley, Diann, Young, Louise, Shrapnel, Marilyn, Wilkinson, David, Baker, Peter, Hegney, Desley. (2011).Medical students and rural general practitioners: congruent views on reality of recruitment into rural medicine. 12-20.) Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Asia. Harris, R., Short, T. (2014).Workforce development: Perspectives and issues. Hudson, Judith N, Weston, Kathryn M, Farmer, Elizabeth A. (2011).Engaging rural preceptors in new longitudinal community clerkships during workforce shortage: a qualitative study. (BioMed Central Ltd.) BioMed Central Ltd. Hume, C., Hume, M., Johnston, P. (October 01, 2016). Creating Awareness and Practice: The ARCC@T Framework for Knowledge Management in Aged Care Services.International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare (ijrqeh),5,4, 1-14. Hurley, Catherine, Baum, Fran, Johns, Julie, Labonte, Ron. (2012).Comprehensive Primary Health Care in Australia: findings from a narrative review of the literature. (Comprehensive Primary Health Care in Australia: findings from a narrative review of the literature.)Bottom of Form Kamien, M., Buttfield, I. H. (January 01, 2012). Some solutions to the shortage of general practitioners in rural Australia. Part 1. Medical school selection.The Medical Journal of Australia,153,2, 105-7. Mcgrail, Humphreys, Joyce, Scott, Kalb, (May 01, 2011). Rural Amenity and Medical Workforce Shortage: Is there a Relationship?.Geographical Research,49,2, 192-202. McNeil, K., Mitchell, R., Parker, V. (March 01, 2015). The paradoxical effects of workforce shortages on rural interprofessional practice.Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences,29,1, 73-82. Negin, Joel, Rozea, Aneuryn, Cloyd, Ben, Martiniuk, Alexandra LC. (2013).Foreign-born health workers in Australia: an analysis of census data. (BioMed Central Ltd.) BioMed Central Ltd. Onnis, L. L., Pryce, J. (January 01, 2016). Health professionals working in remote Australia: a review of the literature.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources,54,1, 32-56. Rogers, N. J. (January 01, 2013). Shortage of general practitioners in Australia.The Medical Journal of Australia,2,16.) Scott, J., Larson, A., Jefferies, F., Veenendaal, B. (October 01, 2014). Small-area estimates of general practice workforce shortage in rural and remote Western Australia.Australian Journal of Rural Health,14,5, 209-213. Short, S. D., McDonald, F. (2012).Health workforce governance: Improved access, good regulatory practice, safer patients. Farnham Surrey, England: Ashgate Pub.

Removalist Speech free essay sample

Today I will be talking about how is the concept of experience through language explored in David Williamsons play The Removalist through the key issues and ideas in the Removalist. The Removalists is a play written by Australian play writer David Williamson in 1971. The main issues the play addresses are violence and the abuse of power and authority. The story is supposed to be a microcosm of 1970s Australian society. I will be talking about how the issues of abuse of authority and power are experienced through language and the idea that Australian society were letting this go by taking a passive approach with the law enforcement in Australia The Issue of abuse of authority and power in the Removalist is established in the opening scene of the play where the new recruit (Ross) sent to Sergeant Simmonds station after finishing police training. he is depicted as naive and inexperienced despite being from an educated background. We will write a custom essay sample on Removalist Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While Sergeant Simmons is depicted through hes comments in the play as sexist and chauvinistic. Simmons establishes his authority by continually patronising Ross. Simmonds repeatedly questions Ross at the beginning of the play to find a weakness. He finds a weak spot in Ross By Asking Whats your old man do for a crust and when he sees Ross hesitate to answer Simmonds sees his opportunity to make Ross uncomfortable and patronise him. This Scene is very good at showing how experience through language is explored in the way that Simmonds Abuses hes Authority and power to make Ross feel inferior and give him a Superior position over Ross. He idea that the actually upholder of the law would abuse hes power and authority to take advantage of people was the issue that Williamson explores in the play and Through Simmons Williamson show us that the authority conferred upon society can be exploitive and violent. A key idea explored in The Removalists is that of the Australian Society not wanting to get involved in something that would put them in danger or in trouble this is represented in the play through a character called the Removalist who is in a sense the everyday man not wanting to get involved in something thats not there or hes business. In one scene you see a man who has been beaten by the Ross and Simmonds and he ask the removalist for help to call the police the Removalist Responds with I mind me own business if other people mind theirs, and thats the way I play the game. get me? this is symbolic to how this was a norm of society in how no one wanted to get involved with something that would put them at a disadvantage in their life or get them in trouble. The concept of experience through change is explored in the removalist by David Williamson through how he deals and shows the issues and key ideas presented in the play.